Gas burner



Jan. `1, 1935.- G. wHl'rE 1,986,311

GAS BURN ER Filed June 20, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 A mamon BYyM/MM ATTORNEYS Jan. 1, 1935. E. G, wHrrE 1,986,311

GAS BURNER Filed June 20, 1952 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 1579"-4 INVENTOR.

ATTORNEYS Patented Jan. l, 1935 UNITED STATES GAS BURNER Edgar G. White, Syracuse, N. Y., assignor to Crouse-Hinds Company, Syracuse, N. Y., a. corporation of- New York Application June zo, 1932, serial No. 613,157

This invention relates to gas burners, and particularly burners to be used in heating Aplants for using gas instead of other fuel, and has for its object a particularly simple and eflicient construction which can be manufactured, assembled, and installed, at a minimum expense and with a minimum outlay of time and labor.

A further object of the invention consists of means for eliiciently preventing carbonizing of the gas within the burner.

The invention consists in the novel features and in the combinations and constructions hereinafter set forth and claimed.

In describing this invention, reference is had to the accompanying drawings in which like characters designate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is 'a vertical, sectional view of burner embodying this invention.

Figure 2 is a sectional view on line 22, Figure l.

Figure 3 is an enlarged fragmentary detail view of the marginal portion of the burner heads, the parts being shown as separated.

Figure 4 is a sectional view on line 1 -4, Figure 1.

Figure 5 is a sectional view, similar to Figure 1, of a modified form.

This burner is particularly adapted for use in converting a heating unit, such as a furnace, steam, or hotwater boiler, to burn gas in place of coal, oil, or other fuels. This burner is so constructed that it is only necessary to remove the grates of the furnace, or boiler, and mount the burner upon the bottom, or oor of the ash pit.

Heretofore, conversion from other fuels to gas has met an appreciable resistance due to the comparatively high cost of the burner and of installing the burner. fore been made to construct a gas burner embodying a simple structure, but these burners have proven tc be ineiilicient and serious trouble has been encountered due to the carboniz'ing of the gas within the burner, thus plugging the burner up and causing, in addition to the loss of heat, a most dangerous situation on account of the escape of unburned gas.

The burner of this invention will operate efciently on manufactured or articial gas, or natural gas, or a combination of both.

Referring to Figure 1, the head of the burner is indicated generally by the numeral 1. The head is hollow, in order to provide anl internal chamber 2, the head having circumferential jets the Attempts have hereto- (c1. 15s-11s) or outlets for the gas, and a central intake passage through itsr bottom wall.

As here illustrated, thehead 1 comprises a bottom wall 3 which is discoidal or nat, and a top wall 4 which is slightly convex forming a shallow `chamber 2. The margins of the top and bottom walls adjacent the peripheries thereof are opposed to each other providing a circumferential slot, or jet opening 6.

As here shown, the margins of the top and bottom walls are secured together by the screws 'I extending transversely through one of the walls and threading into the other. The walls are held separated by spacers 8 interposed between said margins and around the screws. The thickness, or the number of the spacers thus determine the width of the slot 6, or the size of the jet opening.

'I 'he head 1 is supported upon a mixing tube 9 having an enlarged base or lower portion 10 which in turn is mounted upon a base 11 having .an inlet passage or conduit 12 for connection to the gas supply. The conduit 12 connects with a nozzle or jet 13 which is arranged at the center ofthe base 11, and has an opening arranged axially of the mixing tube 9. The mixing tube is in the form of a venturi.

The base or enlarged portion 10 of the mixing tube 9 is formed with air inlet openings 14, which may be opened or closed, more or less, by means of a rotary register 15. These openings are adjusted for maximum eiiciency at the time the burner is installed, and they generally do not have to be adjusted thereafter. The head 1 is formed with a hub 17 provided with a substantially conical passage for seating on a, frusto conical head 18 of the tube 9. A

In operation, the gas passes from the supply conduit 12 through the nozzle or jet 11S/'and into the Venturi tube 9 drawing air in through the openings 14 which mixes with the gas to form a combustible medium which passes out through the head 1 and the slot 6.

As previously stated, these burners are designed so that the base 11 rests upon the floor of the ash pit of the furnace. A three point ysuspension is provided on the base 11, two points of which comprise set screws that are adjustable for leveling the burner. With the base 11 resting upon the oor of the ash pit, the head 1 of the burner is positioned about where the grates of the furnace were formerly located, or slightly above.

Accordingly,'the head of the burner, partieularly the upper wall 4 thereof, tends to heat walls and top of the re box against the head of the burner. The gas mixture passing up through the mixing tube 9 is comparatively cooland I have found through experience that on account of the high temperature of the head and the low temperature of the gas, the gas carbonizes very quicklywithin the head of the burner, thus shutting off the passage throughV the slot 6, and also forming a deposit which closes the passage at the upper end of the mixing tube9. When sucient carbonization has taken place, the name becomes extinguished, and there is then a leakage of unburned gas through the burner head, and particularly through the openings 14 in the base.

In order to prevent the heating of the burner head, and the carbonizingv of Vthe gas, I provide the upper wall of the burnerhead with heat insulation here shownas in the form of a layer 20 v0f heat insulating `material overlying the vtop wall 4, .this being here shown as contained in a Shallow receptacle or recess on the upper side oi the top wall by an annular flange 21. The heat insulating material may be of any well known Substance, as for instance an asbestos preparation. The top wall 4- is provided with a suitableA means for handling the burner during installation, as the eye screw 22.

It is to be noted that this burner comprises a number of parts, and the construction is such that no difficulties are encountered in the manufacture and machining, and assembling and yet the burner operates at a high degree of eiiiciency and will not become carbonized, or otherwise rendered defective through use.

In Figure 5, the burner head is in the general form of an inverted cone 23 formed with a stem` 24 which acts in the same manner as the Venturi tube 9, Figure 1, the gas inlet of the head being at the apex of the cone. Inl this structure, the upper wall of the head is formed by the inverted conical wall 25 which is filled with heat insulating material 26. The cones of the top and bottom walls are arranged concentrically, but the of the mixing tube 9.

Y 1,986,811 considerably 'due to themen that it is comunall within the re box of the heating unit, and a' l great amount of heat is redirected from the side incline of the inner cone is such that the space between the cones contracts in width from the lower ends towards the upper end of the head,

that is, toward the jet margins and the cones. f

In general, the passage formed between the walls 23, 25 formsA an extension of the Venturi form of the stem 24. 'I'he wall 23 of the head is formedwith shoulders 28, and the wall 25 with complementalshoulders 29. The'wall 25 is seopenin'gs between the cured to the wall 23 by' means of screws 30 y threading into the'shoulders 28. Suitable spacers comparatively short length. However, the con-v ical walls of theheadprovide the additional mixingchamber so that while the'burner is short, the

gases' are well mixed beforejpa'ssing through the jet 6. 4 f

vWhat I claim is:

`A gas burner for use in a substantially enclosed re box comprising a base having a central gas opening, a passage extendingfrom said opening to' the periphery ofthe base, a mixing tube seated upon the base and being formed at its lower end with an annular flange having spaced apart openings therein, a dat ring member surrounding the flange of the tube and having fcomplemental `openings and being rotatably adjustable relatively to the mixing tube, a head mounted on the upper end of the mixing tube comprising upper and lower spaced apart members to form a peripheral outlet, and means for heat insulating the uppei` member from becoming heated by l the heat generated bythe burner. 

